Karakteristik Klinis dan Derajat Anemia pada Pasien Perdarahan Saluran Cerna Akut di RSUD Meuraxa Banda Aceh

Abstract

Acute gastrointestinal bleeding is a clinical condition that may cause a substantial decline in hemoglobin levels and require prompt monitoring and management. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of patients with acute gastrointestinal bleeding according to age, sex, bleeding location, initial hemoglobin level, and anemia severity at Meuraxa Regional General Hospital, Banda Aceh. A quantitative descriptive study with a retrospective design was conducted using inpatient medical records from January to December 2025. All eligible records were included using total sampling, resulting in 83 patients. Univariate analysis was performed using frequencies and percentages for categorical data and mean, standard deviation, median, minimum, and maximum values for hemoglobin levels. Most patients were older adults (54.2%) and female (53.0%). Upper gastrointestinal bleeding accounted for 83.1% of cases. The mean initial hemoglobin level was 9.29 ± 2.12 g/dL, with a median of 9.6 g/dL and a range of 4.1–12.8 g/dL. Moderate anemia was the most frequent category (48.2%), followed by mild anemia (25.3%) and severe anemia (24.1%); only 2.4% of patients were not anemic. These findings emphasize the importance of early hemoglobin assessment, particularly in older patients, as part of the initial evaluation of acute gastrointestinal bleeding.